Frequent nocturnal awakening in children: prevalence, risk factors, and associations with subjective sleep perception and daytime sleepiness Running title: Nocturnal awakening in school-aged children

From the MOE Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children’s Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; and Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China The authors declare no conflicts of interest.